If you change the boards of a ship one plank at a time, and replace all boards, is it the same ship?
- Ship of Theseus, described by Plutarch
- meriological: identity is sum of its parts
- Spacial Temporal Continuity: the ship moves smoothly through time. There is no point in time when you can say you have a new ship
- but what if you steal the ship piecemeal?
- the problem is unresolvable, only resolvable by using some external principle
Malcolm Gladwell: The Pentagon Papers Era & US History of Backlash
Journalist, author, and podcaster Malcolm Gladwell joins Tyler for a conversation on Joyce Gladwell, Caribbean identity, satire as a weapon, Daniel Ellsberg and Edward Snowden, Harvard’s under-theorized endowment, why early childhood intervention is overrated, long-distance running, and Malcolm’s happy risk-averse career going from one “fur-lined rat hole to the next.”
.. In my reading of the Pentagon Papers Case, here’s what really struck and astonished me, and I’d like your view on how it’s changed. When the Pentagon Papers became public in, I think, 1971, first they were incredibly boring, but when you did read them or read excerpts, one thing that startled so many people is, it came out that there were accords dating back to 1954 where, it turned out, America had broken the accords and not North Vietnam. And this shocked people and caused them to reassess their whole sense of the Vietnam War. And that’s 1954, which was then, from 1971, a long time ago.
So there was a sense of history embedded in how people understood that episode that seems to me entirely lacking today. To get someone to care that much about something done under other administrations 17 years earlier seems virtually impossible. And what is it about America that’s changed so that history now doesn’t matter the way it did then?
.. So, step back — what is the Pentagon Papers? It is Robert McNamara saying, in whatever, ’69 or ’68, whatever, “What we really need is to get the smartest historians in a room to write me a 10-volume set on historical analysis going back 20 years on this conflict we’re involved in.” So, right from the start, we’re in a rarefied academic realm. He gathers a bunch of PhDs who slave away on this thing and produce this massive, turgid . . .
.. he’s trying to get everyone to read it. And by reading it, he means, “I need you to go away for however many months it’ll take you and work your way through all 10 volumes.”
There’s these hilarious conversations he has with [Henry] Kissinger where Kissinger just wants a summary. It’s like, “No, you can’t do a summary. You gotta read the whole thing. You gotta get a couple of thousand pages in before it makes any sense.” There’s no contemporary . . . it’s like history . . . 2017 and 1971 viewed through the lens of the Pentagon Papers controversy — they belong on different planets. And when the New York Times gets the copies — remember, it takes them a year or whatever to photocopy all of it because it’s just enormous and the copiers are really slow.
.. I think of the history of American life over the last 150 years as just one period of prolonged backlash after another.
You have a backlash to the Civil War that basically lasts 75 years. Then you have the Brown decision. Then you have backlash to the Brown decision that lasts 25 years. Then you have a little moment for feminism in the ’70s and you have a backlash that lasts until . . . might still be going on. There’s a gay rights backlash, which dwarfs the little moment of gay rights — pops its head into the public discourse, and the backlash goes on for years and chases every Democrat out of Congress and distorts two election cycles. I feel like we’re in the middle of another one of these.
Malcolm Gladwell probes sexism and elitism in the U.S. presidential election
Canadian writer talks about sexism, elitism and email scandals with The National’s Wendy Mesley
“I think he will be in jail within a year,” he told The National‘s Wendy Mesley in an interview.
Gladwell believes the candidate’s charitable donations and Trump University fraud case will be sources for legal headaches.
“I mean, he’s got so many legal problems, I suspect he will spend the next few years huddled with his lawyers,” he said.
.. Gladwell says some of Trump’s appeal comes from a sense of “unfiltered” authenticity with voters, but points to Trump’s privileged upbringing as evidence that he is a bona fide member of the elite.
“One guy is the child of privilege who grew up in a multi-million-dollar household, and has every advantage handed to him on a silver platter,” he said. “The other is a woman who came from the most ordinary of circumstances.”
.. Along with that privilege, Gladwell believes Trump’s standing in the polls is bolstered by strong resentment for his Democratic opponent Hillary Clinton.
“Trump caught 10 different breaks. This is not going to happen again,” he said.
.. So what’s the cause of Clinton’s deep unpopularity? Gladwell says it’s sexism, pure and simple.
“She is being penalized for having a series of traits that people find unacceptable in a woman,” he said, noting the negative perception of Clinton predates her email and Benghazi scandals. “This goes back two decades now.”
“To me, the most disturbing lesson about this election is that the United States is a good deal less open to women in positions of power than it would like to pretend that it is.”
Malcolm Gladwell on Protesting Princeton’s Racist Legacy
Malcolm Gladwell comments on the Princeton student protests of Woodrow Wilson—the namesake of their School of Public and International Affairs—as part of a larger evolution of our society’s tendency to conflate the notions of “wrongness” and “harmfulness.”
.. Comey’s letter was brief and, evidently, carefully stated. Remarkably, though, its release wasn’t accompanied by any contextual information or background briefing to either lawmakers or the press. It made its way to much of the media in the form of a tweet posted shortly before 1 p.m. by Jason Chaffetz, the Republican Congressman from Utah who chairs the House Committee on Oversight, and who is a longtime Clinton tormentor. “FBI Dir just informed me, ‘The FBI has learned of the existence of emails that appear to be pertinent to the investigation,’ ” Chaffetz’s tweet said. “Case reopened.”
.. On social media, several reporters quickly pointed out that Comey himself hadn’t used the word “reopened.” By then, though, it was too late.